Katutobela njiisyo yako ya "bubotu, lugwasyo, kubeleka akukomena", lino twajana lusyomo akulumbaizyigwa kuzwa kuli basikuula bamucisi abazwa kumasi aambi akaambo ka Factory Supplied Industrial Grade Glacial Acetic, Bubotu bupati alimwi amali aakonzya kuzundana zipa kuti zintu zyesu zikkomanisye mubukkale busumpukide koonse koonse munyika.
Katutobela njiisyo yako yakuti "bubotu, lugwasyo, kubeleka kabotu akukomena", lino twajana lusyomo akulumbaizyigwa kuzwa kuli basikuula bamucisi abazwa kumasi aambi akaambo kakuti , Mbuli nzila ziinda kubota zyakumanizya mapenzi mufakitoli yesu, nzila zyesu zyakumanizya mapenzi zyakasunkwa akutupa zyilengwa zyakuzumizya. Kuti ujane zimwi zipimyo azintu, kosinizya kuti watyanka bbatani kuti ujane makani aambi.














5. Masunko:
1. Asidi ya Formic:
chi. Nzila: Pima aali 5 g ya musamu (kubelesya chipimyo) muchikopo cha 100 ml. Koyungizya madosi obile aamusamu wakutondezya phenolphthalein mpawo uchigwisye a 2 N NaOH kusikila mubala uusalala uboneke. Amufwefweme mumaanzi kusikila aakati-kati ka volume yakusaanguna. Tontozya, bikka asidi a 5 ml ya HCl, mpawo ubike mu 250 ml ya iodine flask iijisi 50 ml yamaanzi a 50 ml ya 0.1 N NaBrO solution. Jala chakusinizya, swanizya kabotu, mpawo uleke kuti chiime kwamaminiti aali 30. Koyungizya 15 ml ya 16.5% KI solution, 20 ml ya 6 N HCl, antoomwe a 2 ml ya starch indicator solution. Sandula a 0.1 N Na₂S₂O₃ kusikila mubala wa bbuluu wamana (kumamanino). Chita musunko uutakwe chintu achiindi chomwe.
b. Kubalila: (Ml iitakwe chintu - ml yachikozyano) × 0.1 (Chiimo chili kabotu) × 0.02301 = magalamu aa HCOOH
c. Aacetiki yaGlacial Acetic Note: Kupyasya mumaanzi aakusambila nikwakamana kubikka NaOH kuchitwa kuti agwisye acetaldehyde, eeyo iikonzya kuleta mpindu mpati.Glacial Acetic.
2. Acetaldehyde:
chi. Nzila: Pima 10 g ya glacial acetic acid (kubelesya chipimyo) mu 250 ml ya iodine flask. Koyungizya 50 ml yamaanzi, mpawo ubike 10 ml ya 4% NaHSO3 mumupika. Jala chakusinizya, zungaanya, mpawo uleke kuti chiime kwamaminiti aali 30. Koyungizya 2 ml ya starch indicator solution mpawo ubweze a 0.1 N Iodine solution kusikila mubala wa bbuluu uboneke (kumamanino). Chita musunko uutakwe chintu achiindi chomwe.
b. Kubalila: (Ml iitakwe chintu - ml yachikozyano) × 0.1 (Chiimo chili kabotu) × 0.02203 = magilamu aa CH₃CHO
6. Kulibambila kwa Reagent:
0.1 N Sodium Hypobromite (NaBrO) Solution: Bikka 2.8 ml ya bromine ku 500 ml yamaanzi. Kosanzya 100 ml ya 2 N NaOH mpawo uvwungulule kusikila mane yanyonyooka. Sanzya amaanzi kusika ku 1000 ml kuti ujane 0.1 N NaBrO solution.
6. Kubamba kwa Glacial Acetic Reagent:
0.1 N Sodium Hypobromite (NaBrO) Solution: Bikka 2.8 ml ya bromine ku 500 ml yamaanzi. Kosanzya 100 ml ya 2 N NaOH mpawo uvwungulule kusikila mane yanyonyooka. Sanzya amaanzi kusika ku 1000 ml kuti ujane 0.1 N NaBrO solution.