Basikuvwuntauzya kuzwa ku Chalmers University of Technology bakakankaizya nzila mpya iibeleka kabotu yakubelesya minchina kuzwa mumabbattery aamyootokala yamagesi. Eeyi nzila ilajana 100% ya aluminiyamu antoomwe a 98% ya lithium kuzwa kumabbattery aa EV aakabelesegwa kale. Eezi zicesya kusweekelwa zintu ziyandisi zilimbuli nickel, cobalt antoomwe a manganese. Nzila eeyi taiyandiki misamu iidula naakuti iikola nkaambo basikuvwuntauzya bakabelesya oxalic acid, asidi uujanika muzisyango.
Kusikila lino, taakwe wakakonzya kujana nzila zibotu zyakwaandaanya mweelwe ooyu wa lithium kubelesya oxalic acid akugwisya aluminiyamu yoonse. Leah Rouquette, sikwiiya wa PhD ku Dipatimenti ya Chemistry a Chemical Engineering ku Chalmers University of Technology, wakaamba kuti mbwaanga mabbattery woonse alijisi aluminiyamu, tweelede kukonzya kwaagwisya kakunyina kusweekelwa zimwi nsimbi.
Ku laboratory yakubamba mabbattery ku Chalmers University of Technology, Leah Rouquette amweendelezi wakuvwuntauzya Martina Petranikova bakatondezya nzila mpya mboibeleka. I laboratory yakalijisi mabbattery aamyootokala aakabelesegwa kale, mpawo mubbokesi lyamuwo kwakali zintu zyakapwaigwa muchikozyano chabusi busiya bwakagaya kabotu-kabotu bwakanyonyooka mumaanzi aasalala – oxalic acid. Leah Rouquette ubelesya chintu chilibonya mbuli chintu chakusanganya zintu zyakujika. Nikuba kuti chilibonyaanga nchuubauba mbuli kuti uli mukupanga kkofi, nzila eeyi ililibedelede alimwi ninzila yasayaansi yakamwaigwa ino-ino. Kwiinda mukubamba kabotu kupya, kubikkila maanu achiindi, basikuvwuntauzya bakapanga nzila mpya yakujika ibelesya oxalic acid, musamu uutanyonganyi busena alimwi uujanika muzisyango zilimbuli rhubarb a spinach.
Nzila zimbi zyakubelesya mubusena bwamakemikalu aamazubaano ziyandikana. Kuyungizya waawo, chimwi chazintu zipati zikatazya munzila zyamazubaano nkugwisya zintu zyakasyaala zilimbuli aluminiyamu. Martina Petranikova, Mwiiyi uugwasyilizya muDipatimenti ya Chemistry a Chemical Engineering ku Chalmers University of Technology, wakati ninzila mpya iikonzya kupa nzila zipya zyakubelesya mumakwebo aakubelesya zintu zyakalengwa buya akugwasya kumanizya mapenzi aakali kulesya kuyaambele.
Nzila zyakuchita zintu zibelesya maanzi zyiitwa kuti hydrometallurgy. Mubusongo bwakupanga zintu zyamaanzi, "busofwaazi" buzwa kuzintu zilimbuli aluminiyamu a copper zilasaanguna kugwisigwa, mpawo zintu ziyandisi zilimbuli lithium, cobalt, nickel a manganese zilakonzya kubelesegwa. Nikuba kuti kwasyaala buyo aluminiyamu a copper nsyoonto, zibeela zyiingi zyakusalazya ziyandika, mpawo ntaamu imwi aimwi yamulimo ooyu ilapa kuti kube kuvwundauka. Munzila mpya, basikuvwuntauzya bakachincha kugonkwa mpawo bakasaanguna kwaandaanya lithium kuzwa ku aluminiyamu. Munzila eyi, balakonzya kuchesya kusowa zintu ziyandisi ziyandikana mukupanga mabbattery mapya.
Nansya chibeela chachibili cha nzila—kusefa musamu uusiya—chili mbuli kujika kkofi. Nikuba kuti aluminiyamu a lithium zilanjila mumaanzi, zimwi nsimbi zilasyaala mu "mugoti." Ntaamu itobela mumulimo ooyu nkwaandaanya aluminiyamu a lithiyamu.
"Nkambo kakuti insimbi eezyi zili abube bwiindene, tusyoma kuti kwaandaanya takukabi pe. Nzila yesu mpya ilatujalula nzila mpya iikonzya kugwasya kubelesya mabbattery alimwi eeyo njotujisi nguzu zyakuvwuntauzya," mbwaamba Leah Rouquette. "Mbwaanga nzila eeyi ilakonzya kubelesegwa munzila mpati, tulangila kuti ilakonzya kugwasya mumakwebo muminyaka iiboola," mbwaamba Martina Petranikova.
Kabunga ka Martina Petranikova kavwuntauzya kakali kuchita buvwuntauzi bupati bwakubelesya zintu zyakalengwa kale mumabbattery aa lithium-ion kwamyaka myiingi. Kabunga aaka kalabelekela antoomwe amakkampani aajatikizyidwe mukubamba mabbattery aamyootokala yamagesi mpawo kabelekela antoomwe mumapulojekiti mapati aa R&D mbuli Volvo Cars antoomwe a Northvolt's Nybat project.
Aambi makani aajatikizya buvwuntauzi: Malembe aasayaansi aakuti "Kusalaula koonse kwa lithium kuzwa mumabbattery aamootokala aamagesi aa lithium-ion: kubamba akuchita kabotu kubelesya oxalic acid mbuli lixiviant" chakasimbwa mumagazini ya Separation and Purification Technology. Chiiyo chakachitwa a Leah Rouquette, Martina Petranikova a Natalia Vieceli kuzwa ku Dipatimenti ya Chemistry a Chemical Engineering ku Chalmers University of Technology. Buvwuntauzi bwakagwasyilizyigwa amali kuzwa ku Swedish Energy Agency, Swedish Battery Base antoomwe a Vinnova, mpawo kulingaula kwakachitwa kubelesya mabbatili aamyootokala yamagesi aa Volvo Cars aakabelesegwa aba Stena Recycling antoomwe a Akkuser Oy.
Tulamwaya zibalo zyiingi zyabeenzu kuzwa kuli basyaazibwene mumbazu zisiyene. Eeyi ni akaunti yesu yabantu aaba balibedelede, mbunga, mbunga amakkampani.
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