Ma genes aajatikizyidwe mukubeleka kwabukwabilizi bwamubili alijisi nzila zitazyibidwe mubongo bwabantu bajisi malwazi amwi aajatikizya boongo amizeezo, kubikkilizya a autism, kweendelanya abuvwuntauzi bupya bwazyuulu zyabantu bakafwa.
Akati kama genes aakwabilila mubili aali 1,275 aakavwuntauzyigwa, 765 (60%) akali kutondezyegwa kapati naa kuceya mubongo bwabantu bapati bajisi bulwazi bumwi akati kamalwazi aali cisambomwe: autism, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, depression, Alzheimer's disease, naa Parkinson's disease. Eezyi nzila zyakutondezya zilaandeene kuzwa kuli umwi awumwi, kutondeezya kuti umwi awumwi ulaa "zitondezyo" zyaandeene, wakaamba sikuvwuntauzya mupati Chunyu Liu, mufundisi wazyabusilisi bwamizeezo azyabukkale ku Northern State Medical University mu Syracuse, New York.
Kweelana a Liu, kutondezya ma genes aakwabilila mubili kulakonzya kubeleka mbuli chitondezyo chakuzimba. Ooku kukwabilila mubili, ikapati mumubili, kulaswaangene abulwazi bwakubula maanu, nikuba kuti nzila mbobuchitika tiizyibidwe pe.
"Muzeezo wangu ngwakuti nzila zyakukwabilila mubili zilagwasya kapati mumalwazi aabongo," Liu wakaamba. "Ngusikusobana mupati."
Christopher Coe, mufundisi uulemekwa wazyintu zipona ku Yunivesiti yaku Wisconsin-Madison, ooyo watakali kujatikizyidwe mukwiiya ooku, wakati tiikwakali kukonzeka kumvwisisisya kuzwa mukwiiya ooku kuti naa kukwabililwa kwamubili kulagwasya mukuleta bulwazi buli boonse naa bulwazi oobo. eezi zyakapa kuti kube kuchincha kwakukwabilila mubili. Mulimu.
Liu abaabo mbabeleka limwi bakavwuntauzya zyeelelo zya 1,275 zyama immune genes mu 2,467 yabantu bakafwa, kubikkilizya abantu bali 103 bajisi autism alimwi 1,178 batakwe bulwazi. Data yakajanwa kuzwa kumabbuku obile, ArrayExpress antoomwe a Gene Expression Omnibus, antoomwe akuziiyo zimwi zyakasimbwa musule.
Mweelwe waakati aakati wakutondezya ma genes aali 275 mubongo bwabachiswa bachiswa boongo uliimpene aayo aakali mukabunga kakweendelezya; Boongo bwabantu bachiswa bulwazi bwa Alzheimer bulijisi ma genes aali 638 aatondezyedwe munzila ziindene, kutobelwa a schizophrenia (220), Parkinson's (97), bipolar (58), antoomwe akutyompwa (27).
Ikutondezya kwakali kuchincha mubaalumi bachiswa boongo kwiinda bamakaintu bachiswa boongo, mpawo boongo bwabanakazi bachiswa boongo bwakaliindene kwiinda bwabaalumi bachiswa boongo. Ziimo zyone zyakasyeede tiizyakali kutondezya kwiimpana kwabanakazi abaalumi.
Nzila zyakutondezya zijatikizyidwe abulwazi bwakubula maanu zilimbuli malwazi aajatikizya boongo mbuli Alzheimer's a Parkinson's kwiinda malwazi aambi aajatikizya boongo. Mubupanduluzi, malwazi aajatikizya boongo ayelede kuba azintu zizyibidwe zyabongo, mbuli kusweekelwa kwa dopaminergic neurons mubulwazi bwa Parkinson. Basikuvwuntauzya tabanapandulula chiimo eechi cha autism.
"Ooku [kukozyanya] kupa buyo nzila imbi njotweelede kulanga-langa," Liu wakaamba. "ambweni bumwi buzuba tulakonzya kumvwisisisya kabotu zyabulwazi."
Ma gene obile, CRH a TAC1, akasandulwa loko mumalwazi aaya: CRH yakacheya mumalwazi woonse kunze lyabulwazi bwa Parkinson, mpawo TAC1 yakacheya mumalwazi woonse kunze lyakutyompwa. Ma genes woonse obile alajatikizya kubeleka kwa microglia, maselu aakwabilila mubili mubongo.
Coe wakaamba kuti kubeleka kwa microglia kutali kabotu kulakonzya "kunyonganya kupanga kwabongo antoomwe a synaptogenesis," mbubwenya mbuli kunyonganya kubeleka kwabongo mubukkale bwiindene.
Buvwuntauzi bwakachitika mu 2018 bwazibeela zyabongo zyakafwa bwakajana kuti ma genes aajatikizyidwe a astrocytes a synaptic function alatondezyegwa mbubwenya mubantu bajisi autism, schizophrenia, naa bipolar disorder. Asi chiiyo chakajana kuti ma microglial genes akali kujanika biyo mubantu bachiswa autism.
Bantu bajisi ma gene aakwabilila mubili balakonzya kuba "abulwazi bwakuzimba kwabongo," wakaamba Michael Benros, musololi wachiiyo alimwi mufundisi wazyabusilisi bwamizeezo ku Yunivesiti yaku Copenhagen mu Denmark, walo watakali kujatikizyidwe mumulimo ooyu.
"Cilakonzya kukkomanisya kusola kuzyiba tubunga ootu tusyoonto-syoonto akubapa busilisi bumbi," Benroth wakaamba.
Buvwuntauzi bwakajana kuti bunji bwakucinca kwakutondezya kwakabonwa muzibeela zyabongo tiikwakaliko muma datasets aama gene expression patterns muzitondezyo zyabulowa bwabantu bajisi bulwazi mbubonya. Eezyo "zyakajanwa zitalangilwi" zitondezya mbociyandika kwiiya bubambe bwabongo, wakaamba Cynthia Schumann, mufundisi wazyabusilisi bwamizeezo azyabukkale ku MIND Institute ku UC Davis, walo watakali kujatikizyigwa mukwiiya ooku.
Liu abaabo mbabeleka limwi bali mukupanga zikozyanyo zyamaseelo kuti bamvwisisisye kuti naa kuzimba nchintu chipa kuti kube bulwazi bwabongo.
Eechi chibalo chakasaanguna kumwaigwa a Spectrum, webbusaiti iisololela yakuvwuntauzya makani aajatikizya bulwazi bwa autism. Amulembe chibalo eechi: https://doi.org/10.53053/UWCJ7407