Eechi chibalo chakalangwa-langwa kweendelana anzila zyakulemba zya Science X. Basikulemba bakakankaizya bube butobela kumwi kabasinizya kusyomeka kwamakani:
Chibeela chaanze cha fungi amabacteria, chiitwa kuti "extracellular matrix" naakuti ECM, chili mbuli jelly mpawo chibeleka mbuli chibeela chikwabilila achikwabilizyo. Pesi kweendelanya abuvwuntauzi bwakachitika ino-ino bwakamwaigwa mumagazini iScience, bwakachitilwa a Yunivesiti yaku Massachusetts Amherst antoomwe a Worcester Polytechnic Institute, ECM ya tuzunda tumwi tupanga gel buyo kuti kakuli oxalic acid naakuti zimwi zintu zitakatazyi pe. googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1449240174198-2′); });
Nkaambo kakuti ECM ilaa mulimo mupati muzintu zyoonse kuzwa kukukazya misamu iijaya tuzunda kusikila kumapaipi aajatikizyidwe akusofwaazya zibelesyo zyabusilisi, kumvwisisisya mbuli tuzunda tusyoonto-syoonto mbozibelesya zibeela zyabo zya gel zilagwasya kapati mubuumi bwesu bwabuzuba abuzuba.
"Lyoonse ndakali kuyandisya ma microbial ECMs," wakaamba Barry Goodell, mufundisi wa microbiology ku University of Massachusetts Amherst alimwi mulembi mupati wapepa eeli. "Bantu kanjikanji bayeeya kuti ECM nchintu chikwabilila anze chikwabilila tuzunda. Asi chilakonzya kubeleka mbuli nzila iipa kuti busani ama enzymes kunjila akuzwa mumaseelo aatuzunda."
Ikuvwumba ooku kuchita milimu myiingi: kunamatila kwacho kwaamba kuti tuzunda tusyoonto-syoonto tulakonzya kuswaangana antoomwe kuti tupange tubunga naakuti "ma biofilms", mpawo kuti tuzunda tusyoonto-syoonto twachita oobo, tulakonzya kujala mapaipi naa kusofwaazya zibelesyo zyabusilisi.
Pesi chikumba cheelede kuti chikonzye kunjila. Tunyama tunji tusyoonto-syoonto tulagwisya ma enzymes aambi kwiinda mu ECM kuya muzintu nzyoziyanda kulya naakuti kunjizya (mbuli nkuni zibola naakuti nyama zyabanyama), mpawo, eelyo ma enzymes naamanizya mulimu wakugaya chakulya, atola busani kwiinda mu ECM. musamu ooyu ulajokezyegwa mumubili. zyintu zili kunze lyamaseelo.
Eezi zyaamba kuti ECM teensi buyo chintu chikwabilila pe; Mubunike, mbuli mbukwakatondezyegwa a Goodell ababelesinyina, tuzunda tusyoonto-syoonto tulibonya kuti tulakonzya kweendelezya kukakatila kwa ECM yabo aboobo akunjila kwazyo. Ino bachita biyeni? Cifwanikiso: B. Goodell
Mumushroom, zyintu zizwa mumubili zilibonya mbuli oxalic acid, asidi uujanika muzisyango zyiingi. Mbuli Goodell ababelesinyina mbobakajana, tuzunda tunji tulibonya kuti tubelesya oxalic acid ntotugwisya kuti tujate kunze lyama carbohydrates, akupanga ECM iijisilidi, ilimbuli gel.
Asi kabunga nikalanga kabotu, bakajana kuti oxalic acid tiiyakagwasya buyo kupanga ECM, pesi alimwi "yakali kweendelezya": aawo oxalic acid njobakayungizya tuzunda mumusanganisyo wa carbohydrate-acid, mpawo ECM yakali kuba a viscous. ECM mboiyaabukomena, ilasinkila ma molecule mapati kuti atanjili naa kuzwa mu microbe, kakuli ma molecule masyoonto alazumanana kwaanguluka kunjila mu microbe kuzwa kubusena oobo alimwi mbubwenya buyo.
Ooku kujana kwakasunka kumvwisisisya kwasayaansi kwakaindi kwakuti misyobo yiindene-indene yamisamu iizwa kuma fungi amabacteria ilanjila biyeni kuzwa kuzintu zipona eezyi akunjila mubusena. Goodell ababelesinyina bakakankaizya kuti muziindi zimwi tuzunda tusyoonto-syoonto tulakonzya kusyoma kapati mukuzwa kwama molecule masyoonto kapati kuti tulwane matrix naa nyama oomo tuzunda ootu tusyoonto-syoonto ntotuyeeme kuti tupone naa kuciswa.
Eezi zyaamba kuti kuzwa kwama molecule masyoonto akwalo kulakonzya kuchita lubazu lupati mukupanga malwazi ikuti ma enzymes mapati kaatakonzyi kwiinda mukati ka microbial extracellular matrix.
"Kuboneka kuti kuli akati-akati," Goodell wakaamba, "oomo tuzunda tusyoonto-syoonto ntotukonzya kweendelezya asiditi kuti tuzyibe busena bumwi, akubamba zimwi zyama molecule mapati, mbuli ma enzymes, kumwi kazizumizya tunyama tuniini kuti tuinde mu ECM. "
Kuchincha kwa ECM a oxalic acid inga yaba nzila yakuti tuzunda tulikwabilile kuzwa kumisamu iijaya tuzunda, nkaambo bunji bwamisamu eeyi ilijisi ma molecule mapati loko. Nkukonzya ooku kwakuchita zintu kweendelana amuntu ooko kunga kwaba chintu chipati mukuzunda chimwi chazintu zipati zikonzya kulesya misamu iijaya tuzunda, nkaambo kweendelezya ECM kuti ichite kabotu kulakonzya kugwasya misamu iijaya tuzunda.
"Ikuti twakonzya kweendelezya kupanga akuzwa kwama asidi masyoonto mbuli oxalate muma microbes amwi, tulakonzya kweendelezya zyintu zinjila muma microbes, zikonzya kutugwasya kusilika kabotu malwazi manji azwa ku microbes," Goodell wakaamba.
Aambi makani: Gabriel Perez-Gonzalez abamwi, Kuswaangana kwa oxalates a beta-glucan: mpindu zya fungal extracellular matrix a metabolite transport, iScience (2023). DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106851
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