Chibeela chaanze cha fungi amabacteria, chiitwa kuti "extracellular matrix" naakuti ECM, chili mbuli jelly mpawo chibeleka mbuli chibeela chikwabilila. Pesi kweendelanya abuvwuntauzi bwakachitika ino-ino mumagazini ya iScience, bwakachitilwa a Yunivesiti yaku Massachusetts Amherst antoomwe a Worcester Polytechnic Institute, ECM ya tuzunda tumwi tupanga gel biyo kuti kakuli oxalic acid naakuti aambi ma acid aatakatazyi pe. Nkaambo kakuti ECM ilaa mulimo mupati muzintu zyoonse kuzwa kukukazya misamu iijaya tuzunda kusikila kumapaipi aajatikizyidwe akusofwaazya zibelesyo zyabusilisi, kumvwisisisya mbuli tuzunda tusyoonto-syoonto mbotubelesya ma gel layers aabo aamatika kulagwasya kapati mubuumi bwesu bwabuzuba abuzuba.

"Lyoonse ndakali kuyandisya ma microbial ECMs," wakaamba Barry Goodell, mufundisi wa microbiology ku University of Massachusetts Amherst alimwi mulembi mupati wapepa eeli. "Bantu kanjikanji bayeeya kuti ECM nchintu chikwabilila anze chikwabilila tuzunda. Asi chilakonzya kubeleka mbuli nzila yakutola busani ama enzymes mukati akuzwa mumaseelo aatuzunda."
Ikuvwumba ooku kuchita milimu myiingi: kunamatila kwacho kwaamba kuti tuzunda tusyoonto-syoonto tulakonzya kuswaangana antoomwe kuti tupange tubunga naakuti "ma biofilms", mpawo tuzunda tusyoonto-syoonto twachita oobo, tulakonzya kujala mapaipi naa kusofwaazya zibelesyo zyabusilisi.
Pesi chikumba cheelede kuti chikonzye kunjila: tuzunda tunji tulagwisya ma enzymes aambi aambi kwiinda mu ECM, kuya muzintu nzyoziyanda kulya naa kuchisa (mbuli nkuni zibolede naakuti nyama zyabanyama), mpawo, aawo ma enzymes naamana kubeleka mulimo wazyo, mulimo wakugaya – kupilusya busani kwiinda mu ECM.
Eezi zyaamba kuti ECM teensi buyo chintu chikwabilila pe; Mubunike, mbuli Goodell ababelesinyina mbobakatondezya, tuzunda tusyoonto-syoonto tulibonya kuti tulakonzya kweendelezya busi bwa ECM yabo aboobo akunjila kwayo. Ino bachita biyeni?
Muma fungi, zyintu zizwa mumubili zilibonya kuba asidi ya oxalic, asidi iijanika muzisyango zyiingi, mpawo, mbuli Goodell ababelesinyina mbobakajana, tuzunda tunji tulibonya kuti tubelesya asidi ya oxalic njozigwisya kuti zijatane kuzibeela zyaanze zya carbohydrates. kupanga chintu chinamatika. , jelly-like ECM.
Asi kabunga nikalanga kabotu, bakajana kuti oxalic acid tiiyakagwasya buyo kupanga ECM, pesi alimwi "yakali kweendelezya": aawo oxalic acid njobakayungizya ma microbes kumusanganisyo wa carbohydrate-acid, ECM yakali kuyaa kuyuma. ECM mboiyaabukomena, ilasinkila ma molecule mapati kuti atanjili naa kuzwa mu microbe, kakuli ma molecule masyoonto alazumanana kwaanguluka kunjila mu microbe kuzwa kubusena oobo alimwi mbubwenya buyo.
Ooku kujana kwakasunka kumvwisisisya kwasayaansi kwakaindi kwakuti misyobo yiindene-indene yamisamu iizwa kuma fungi amabacteria ilanjila biyeni kuzwa kuzintu zipona eezyi akunjila mubusena. Goodell ababelesinyina bakakankaizya kuti muziindi zimwi tuzunda tusyoonto-syoonto tulakonzya kusyoma kapati mukuzwa kwama molecule masyoonto kapati kuti tulwane matrix naa tissue oomo tuzunda ootu tusyoonto-syoonto ntotuyeeme kuti tupone naa kuciswa. Eezi zyaamba kuti kuzwa kwama molecule masyoonto akwalo kulakonzya kuchita lubazu lupati mukupanga malwazi ikuti ma enzymes mapati kaatakonzyi kwiinda mukati ka microbial extracellular matrix.
"Kuboneka kuti kuli akati-akati," Goodell wakaamba, "oomo tuzunda tusyoonto-syoonto mpotukonzya kweendelezya asidi kuti tuzyibila kubusena bumwi, akubamba tumwi tunyama tupati, mbuli ma enzymes, kumwi katuzumizya tunyama tusyoonto kuti twiinde mu ECM. "Kucinca ECM a oxalic acid inga yaba nzila yatunyama tusyoonto-syoonto kulikwabilila kuzwa kuzintu zijaya tuzunda, alimwi akujaya tuzunda nkaambo bunji bwamisamu eeyi ilijisi ma molecule mapati loko. Ooku kukonzya kuchita zintu kweendelana amuntu nkokukonzya kuba nzila yakuzunda chimwi chazintu zipati zikonzya kulesya misamu iijaya tuzunda, nkaambo kweendelezya ECM kuti ichite kabotu kulakonzya kugwasya misamu iijaya tuzunda.

"Ikuti twakonzya kweendelezya kupanga akuzwa kwama asidi masyoonto mbuli oxalate muma microbes amwi, mpawo tulakonzya kweendelezya zyintu zinjila muma microbes, zikonzya kutugwasya kusilika kabotu malwazi manji azwa ku microbes," Goodell wakaamba.
Mumwezi wa Nalupale 2022, syabusongo bwazyintu zipona Yasu Morita wakatambula lugwasyo kuzwa ku National Institutes of Health kuti agwasyilizye buvwuntauzi bwakali kuyanda kupanga misamu mipya, iibeleka kabotu yakusilisya bulwazi bwakkansa.

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